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The ‘corona Nanobodies’ can be derivatized in such a way that they carry a C-terminal para-azido-Phe residue, or at any other pre-chosen site in their primary structure. This residue is the same as natural Phe, except that it carries an azido group in its aromatic ring (-N3). As a result, the nanobody is endowed with a singular reactive group, allowing down stream click chemistry. Reproducible and site-specific labeling becomes standard in this way. Through this modification the antigen binding properties of the nanobody remain unchanged because the carboxy-terminal region of a nanobody is generally not involved in antigen binding.
Such derivatized Nanobodies are ideal for oriented coupling as in for instance lateral flow immunological assays (LFIA), dramatically increasing sensitivity which is a prerequisite for development of a point-of care device, which can be used anywhere, yielding fast results.
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